The former Czechoslovakia separated on December 31, 1992 into two independent States, the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic (Slovakia).

On January 1, 1993, a Czech Patent Office was established in Prague and a Slovak Patent Office in Bratislava (and from 1995, in Banska Bystrica). Applicants having pending patent or trademark applications at the former Czechoslovakian Patent Office are allowed to decide whether they want to continue the prosecution in the Czech or the Slovak Republic or in both of them. As of January 1, 1993, Czech patents and trademark registrations are granted by the Czech Patent Office, while Slovak patents and trademark registrations are granted by the Slovak Patent Office.

The Czech Republic is a member of the European Union as of May 1, 2004. All Regulations are valid in the Czech Republic.